Describe the purpose of a pressure gauge on a sprinkler system.

The purpose of a pressure gauge on a sprinkler system is to monitor and display the current water pressure within the system. This is crucial for ensuring that the sprinkler system operates effectively, as it provides real-time data on the pressure levels that can impact the performance of the sprinkler heads. Proper system pressure is essential for the effective distribution of water, ensuring that all areas are adequately covered in the case of a fire.

Monitoring pressure helps to identify issues within the system, such as drops in pressure that could indicate a malfunction or blockage. It allows technicians to assess whether the system is functioning within the design specifications and to make necessary adjustments or repairs to maintain optimal performance.

In contrast, controlling sprinkler heads manually involves operator intervention which is not the role of a pressure gauge. Measuring the flow rate of water requires different equipment, such as flow meters, and detecting leaks often involves other diagnostic tools and techniques rather than relying solely on pressure readings. Thus, the primary and most relevant function of a pressure gauge in this context is to provide ongoing measurement and display of the system's water pressure.